International Licensing Examination (ILE) Practice Test

Which condition is a bacterial or viral infection of the meninges?

1. Tinnitus

2. Labyrinthitis

3. Meningitis

4. Ototoxicity

The correct answer is: Meningitis

Meningitis is specifically defined as an infection that causes inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. This condition can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, which invade the central nervous system and lead to an array of symptoms such as fever, headache, and stiff neck. The importance of recognizing this condition lies in its potential for serious complications, including neurological damage and even death if not treated promptly. The other options listed do not involve infection of the meninges. Tinnitus refers to the perception of noise or ringing in the ears and is not associated with infection. Labyrinthitis involves inflammation of the inner ear, which affects balance and hearing but does not involve the meninges. Ototoxicity refers to drug-induced damage to the inner ear, which can affect hearing and balance but is unrelated to meningitis or infections of the meninges. Thus, meningitis stands out as the correct answer in this context.