What procedure involves an incision in the tympanic membrane to relieve pressure?

Myringotomy is the procedure that involves making an incision in the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to relieve pressure from fluid accumulation or to allow for drainage of infected fluid within the middle ear. This procedure is often performed to alleviate pain and reduce the risk of persistent ear infections, especially in individuals who experience recurrent otitis media.

During a myringotomy, a small incision is carefully created in the tympanic membrane, which helps to equalize pressure in the ear and can also facilitate the insertion of tubes for prolonged drainage if necessary. This approach is particularly effective in managing conditions where fluid build-up is causing symptoms, providing immediate relief and allowing for better ventilation of the middle ear.

In contrast, the other procedures listed serve different purposes: mastoidectomy involves the removal of mastoid air cells due to chronic infection or other issues, tympanoplasty refers to the surgical repair of the tympanic membrane itself, and pressure equalization tube placement is often performed concurrently with myringotomy but focuses on placing tubes to maintain long-term drainage and ventilation.