What does tympanometry primarily measure?

Tympanometry primarily measures middle ear function by assessing the movement of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) in response to changes in air pressure. This test evaluates how well the eardrum and the ossicles (the tiny bones in the middle ear) are working. By creating variations in air pressure in the ear canal, tympanometry helps to determine if the ear is functioning properly.

When conducting tympanometry, a specific probe is placed in the ear, and the pressure is varied while measuring how well the eardrum moves. The resulting tympanogram shows the compliance (mobility) of the eardrum, indicating the presence of issues such as fluid in the middle ear, eustachian tube dysfunction, or possible perforation of the eardrum.

Understanding middle ear function is crucial in the context of hearing health, as problems in this area can lead to conductive hearing loss. In this way, tympanometry serves as a vital diagnostic tool in audiology for assessing the status of the middle ear.