International Licensing Examination (ILE) Practice Test

What does microtia refer to in anatomical terms?

1. Absence of the external ear

2. Small-sized pinna

3. Complete ear malformation

4. Swelling of the ear structure

The correct answer is: Small-sized pinna

Microtia refers specifically to a condition characterized by an underdeveloped or small-sized external ear or pinna. This anatomical term describes a range of ear malformations, where the degree of underdevelopment can vary from minor, affecting only the auricle's size, to more significant structural issues. In cases of microtia, the pinna may be noticeably smaller than average, leading to cosmetic concerns and potential functional implications regarding hearing. The other options describe different ear conditions: the absence of the external ear refers to anotia, which is a more severe form of ear malformation. Complete ear malformation suggests extensive abnormalities beyond size, which goes beyond the definition of microtia. Swelling of the ear structure does not pertain to microtia and would typically indicate an inflammatory condition rather than a developmental one. Thus, small-sized pinna is the most accurate definition of microtia in anatomical terms.