What does hyperacusis refer to?

Hyperacusis specifically refers to an abnormal sensitivity to sound, which is characterized by heightened irritability of the auditory system, particularly the sensorineural cells. This condition results in normal sound levels being perceived as excessively loud or even painful. Individuals with hyperacusis often experience discomfort or distress in response to sounds that would not typically cause such reactions in individuals with normal auditory processing.

By recognizing that the condition stems from an increased sensitivity within the auditory pathway, it becomes clear that option B accurately captures the essence of hyperacusis. This assists in differentiating hyperacusis from other auditory conditions such as tinnitus or phonophobia, which may involve different mechanisms or responses to sound.